Gas or vapor burner.



PATENTED JAN. 3, 1905;

A. NURNBERG.

GAS .OR VAPOR BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2, 1904.

Patented. January 3, 1905..

PATENT OEEICE.

ALBERT INURNBERG, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

GAS OR VAPOR BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 778,994, dated January3, 1905.

Application filed June 2, 1904. Serial ITO-210,916.

To aZZ whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT NURNBERG, a subject of the German-Emperor,residing in Berlin, in the Empire of Germany, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in or Relating to Gas or Vapor Burners, of whichthe following is a specification.

In the incandescent gas-burners having an oxygen-supply as used up tothe present gas and oxygen are admitted either directly to the flamethrough separate burner-openings or the combustible gas and oxygen aremixed (as in Bunsen burners) in the burner-tube or the two gases areallowed to meet shortly before reaching the burner-head. These burnershave the following important drawbacks: In the first-mentioned case thetwo gases escaping separately from the burner only mix together to avery small extent, so that an excessive quantity of gas and oxygen isrequired and the object aimed at-that is, very high temperature,combined with economy of fuelis not attained. The drawback in the secondcase is that the gases in the burner form an explosive mixture, whichbesides beinga source of danger may lead to back-flashing of the flame.This back-flashing of the flame, especially when the velocity with whichthe gases escape is small, cannot be avoided and leads to the burner,becoming strongly heated and quickly destroyed. In the third case, as anexample of which Daniels burner may be cited, the objection is that theseparate gases do not become thoroughly mixed when escaping from theburner. It was hitherto usual to allow the gases to escape under highpressure, and it has been found impossible to avoid the desired maximumtemperature of the flame being merely at the point, the consumption ofthe mixed gases being at the same time exceedingly high.

The above. drawbacks are obviated by the burner according to the presentinvention, which is characterized by the provision of a ring-nozzleopened toward the center of the ring, through which a combustible gasescapes under low pressure across the top edge of a pipe to which air orsome other kind of gas capable of assisting combustion, but not itselfcombustible, is supplied. The current of the combustible gas draws witha force depending on its pressure the non-combustible gas and becomesmixed therewith in front of the ring-nozzle opening.

The accompanying drawing shows diagrammatically a vertical section of aburner and a lamp in which the burner is mounted according to thisinvention.

Lighting-gas under any desired pressure is supplied through a gas-pipe ato an annular chamber 6 between inner andouter concentric burner-tubes cand (Z. respectively. The bottom part of the outer tube (Z is connectedat a in a gas-tight manner to the inner tube, and its upper end isprovided with an inwardlyflanged cap 7", projecting inward over the topof the tube 0 and having an opening g of the same size as that of theinner tube 0. The inner edge r of the cap is turned obliquely downwardand forms, with the beveled upper edge 7b of the pipe 0, a ring-nozzleThe tube d is formed of two parts screwed together at it. By screwingthe upper part on which the cap f is formed down or up thenozzle-opening vi is reduced or increased. The tubec is closed at thebottom by a screw-plug Z, provided with triangular recesses m, so thatby screwing the plug Z up or down smaller or larger inlet-passages tothe tube 0 are produced.

It'gas is admitted into the annular chamber 7) and allowed to escapethrough the ring-nozzle 2', it will be projected across the sharp edge Aof the inner tube 0 and form in that pipe a partial vacuum, so that airis drawn in through the openings m and comes into contact immediately infront of the nozzle 11 with the current of gas, mixing with it andproducing a hot non-luminous flame.

The burner acts exactly like a Bunsen burner and can be used for thesame purposes-t'. a, for cooking, heating, and lighting purposes. As,however, gas and air are admitted through separate tubes and onlymeetimmediatly before escaping from the burner, the unpleasant and dangerousback-flashing of the flame to the gas-inlet of the burner is completelyavoided. This is of great importance, more particularly when the burneris used for incandescent lighting. It is of still greater importancewhen the burner, as shown in the accompanying drawing,is designed foroxygen-light: ing, for a mixture of gas and oxygen easily becomesexplosive and the burner is more liable to back-flashing. As will beseen from the drawing, oxygen is supplied to the burner through a pipe92, entering the lower part of the inner burner-tube 0 at a lowpressure, which is, however, increased by the suction of the gas-ringnozzle '5 and passes in front of the said nozzle, mixing at that pointwith the combustible gas in a thoroughly efficient manner. The mixtureof gas and oxygen is then lighted above the burner and forms anexceedingly hot flame, which renders the mantle p, suspended over theflame by means of the holder 0, intensely incandescent. By means of theair-supply-regulating screw Z it is possible to admit into the innerburner-tube c besides oxygen any desired proportion of atmospheric air.In that case the air mixes with the oxygen in the tube 0, and themixture so formed is again mixed in front of the nozzle z'with thecombustible gas escaping at that point, so that in the flame is burned amixture of gas, air, and oxygen. This method of using the burner is ofimportance, in so far as the supply of air can be easily controlled, andthus the consumption of-oxygen reduced, the temperature of the flamebeing regulated as desired, and thus the lighting power of the mantle,depending on the temperature, adjusted to suit requirements.

In order to enable air, oxygen, or a mixture of both air and oxygen tobe conveyed directly in front of the ring-nozzle i, even in largeburners, in which the inner tube 0 is of large diameter, and in order toinsure the above-mentioned air, oxygen, or mixture of both meeting andthoroughly mixing with the gas escaping at the point in question, theburner-tube 0 is provided with a distributer q, arranged in a centralposition in and at a small distance from the inner wall of the tube 0.This distributer consists of a rod or pipe closed at the bottom, whichis preferably of conical shape and terminating within a small distanceof the upper mouth of the tube 0.

The exceedingly thorough mixture obtained by means of this burner is ofgreat importance, as it reduces the consumption of the combustible gasand oxygen almost to the theoretical minimum. It must also be pointedout that the burner according to this invention is not limited to theuse of any definite kind of gases. othercombustible gassuch as, forinstance, petroleum or alcohol vapor, generator-gas, and the like-may beadmitted through the annular chamber 6 and allowed to escape from thenozzle 2'. Such gases will mix with the air and oxygen admitted throughthe tube 0 in the same thorough manner as lighting-gas.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. A gas or vapor burner comprising an outer pipe, an aperturednozzle-head secured thereto,an inward downwardly-directed flange on saidnozzle-head, and an inner pipe of sub. stantially the same diameter asthat of the nozzle-head flange.

2. A gas or vapor burner comprising an outer pipe, an aperturednozzle-head carried thereby, an inward downwardly directed flange onsaid nozzle-head, an inner pipe of substantially the same inner diameteras that of the nozzle-head flange, and a central distributing memberhaving a conical lower part.

3. A gas or vapor burner comprising an outer pipe, an aperturednozzle-head carried thereon, an inner downwardly-directed flange on saidnozzle-head, and an inner concentric pipe therein in combination with anoxygeninlet nozzle.

4:. A gas or vapor burner comprising an outer pipe, screw-threaded onits upper por tion, an apertured nozzle-head screwed thereon, an inwarddownwardly-directed flange on said nozzle-head, an inner concentric pipeof the same inner diameter as that of the nozzlehead flange and a pluglocated in said inner pipe.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT NURN BERG.

Instead of lighting-gas any

